An Investigation of the Laws of Thought on Which are Founded the Mathematical Theories of Logic and Probabilities by George Boole, first published in 1854, is the second of Boole's two monographs on algebraic logic. Boole's work founded the discipline of algebraic logic, and is often credited as being the source of what we know today as Boolean algebra.

Boole was a professor of mathematics at what was then Queen's College, Cork (now University College Cork), in Ireland.