China announced its big economic stimulus plan to stem off the increasing unemployment and social unrest. In an era of interdependence, the U.S., indeed, relies on China's economic power, while worrying over its rising military power. The ruling Communist Party, in the face of historic progress and prosperity, has been introversively struggling to hold on to power, fearing people's emotional moves or "nationalism." Extroversively, it has grown peaceful and responsible, playing a critical role on the world stage. There're doubts about the legitimacy of the one-party Communist regime in an economically, not politically, transforming society, a fragility that could threaten its neighbors like Taiwan and Japan, and the world superpower, the U.S., the author warns.